The lack of an active radar seeker on the R-27ER is also a significant handicap. Some Russian pilots did use other means of less-than-friendly communication, while RAFs pilots stuck to smiles and occasional waves. The station is one of two that defend the skies over Britain. The sole reason is to make a statement, and a rather aggressive one, that is. With this in mind, we need to make a distinction on three types of flights that the Russian Air Force (and to a lesser extent the Russian Naval Aviation, AV-MF) conducts over the Baltic Sea. Los Llanos Air Base has 141 Sqn and 142 Sqn of Ala 14. It can also employ short-ranged air-to-air missiles for self-defence, but in practice it would fare poorly against enemy fighters due to poor maneuverability. These include Switzerland, Sweden and Austria. The detachment brought some interesting challenges to the RAF, as the facilities of the old Soviet base were overcrowded. Of note is that the first flights on the 6th apparently were followed by an Il-76 (Candid) flying with transponders, probably trying (unsuccessfully) to fool Finnish and NATO surveillance into not launching their QRA. This is the third time the RAF has deployed to Mihail Kogalniceanu Air Base in Romania as part of NATO's eAP mission in the Black Sea region. RAF Typhoons spotted over Scotland after 'quick' reaction alert. At Amendola Air Base F-35 is operated by 13 Gruppo of 32 Stormo. Some Russian pilots did use, You need something that canfight long-range and dominate short-range, Air and Sea Traffic in the Gulf of Finland 6October. All these Tu-22B/R/P/K/U have been retired. There are designated Airfields around the UK that Escorted aircraft may be taken into. Russian Navy BSF's Buyan-M Class Corvettes 603 Serpukhov & 602 Zeleny Dol (in order of transit, 1 mile apart) southbound on the Bosphorus pic.twitter.com/vpE9n1Imjf, alper bler (@alperboler) October 5, 2016. Again this will be down to the requirements of the mission but Typhoons may be given authority to go Supersonic over land. The Typhoons nearly always go Mode 3 A/C, so no. Flugplatz Ramstein
A QRA response involves the fighter aircraft being scrambled to investigate an infringement of the NATO country's airspace or area of interest. Preserving XL426 at London Southend Airport. The main question was to what extent the rules of engagement would allow for firing at targets beyond visual range, or if a visual confirmation will be required first. The title Tu-22 is a bit misleading, as the original Tu-22 Blinder was the Soviet Unions first supersonic bomber. Provision was also made to disperse the V-Forces aircraft to airfields throughout the country during times of tension, avoiding the possibility of a knock-out blow being delivered by a pre-emptive strike. The ROTOR system was developed in the 1950s. These have the same radar and instrumentation as the Tu-22M3 and Tu-160, and are easily identified by their long pointed noses. It has one of the largest radars ever fitted to a fighter, and carries some of the longest ranged missiles produced in the form of the R-33 and the upgraded R-37 (MiG-31M/BM only). You may have heard these warnings read out on television. NBS (@Latvijas_armija) October 29, 2014. The escorting Il-76 was Il-76TD registration RA-76638, with Tupolev Tu-154 RA-85042 flying the same track sligthly earlier. [13], Iceland, though a member of NATO, has no standing armed forces. The Croatian Air Force's Air Force and Air Defence Command is located in Zagreb[9] The 191. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. A devastating accident in 2011 sped up the plans to retire the aircraft due to safety concerns, meaning that today almost no civilian Tu-134s are in use. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Both planes flew from Moscow to Kaliningrad, before diverting back to Moscow without landing. Unlike the Tu-22M3 (Backfire-M) of Russian Eastern-fame and the Sukhoi Su-34 (Fullback, unofficially known as Hellduck), which accompanied at least some of the sorties, the Tu-95 does not have any useful wartime mission over the Baltic Sea, with the possible exception of a scenario where the territory of the Baltic States is in Russian hands. It is important to understand what this term means, it is my understanding that Sovereign Airspace is the Airspace above land and extended out from the coastline by 12 nautical miles as defined by international law. The Typhoon of today has a performance and capability only dreamt possible in 1940. Tu-134 Crusty started its life as a short-range passenger plane in the mid 60s, and was widely used throughout Eastern Europe. The Kh-55/Kh-55SM cruise missiles have a range of around 2400-3000 kilometers, giving the aircraft/missile combination a huge reach, which further can be enhanced through the use of inflight refueling. Military aircraft from Russia can be tracked across Norway, and reported to the Norwegian Joint Headquarters near Bod, or the Combined Air Operations Centre 2 (CAOC UE) in Uedem, North Rhine-Westphalia close to the border with The Netherlands. The Czech Air Force uses JAS-39C/D Gripen at slav AFB. The Su-24 can employ a vast range of weapons, ranging from an internal 6-barrelled 23 mm gun to rockets, bombs, and missiles. A QRA response involves the fighter aircraft being scrambled to investigate an infringement of the NATO country's airspace. The CRCs will detect it and scramble the QRA. The pilots day starts early in the Aircrew Ready Room in a small building between the Q-sheds as they are affectionately known in deference to an earlier Cold War age, where single-seat Typhoons sit poised for instant action. A late 50s design, it was featured a sleek design, engines mounted on top of the rear fuselage, a short range due to the inefficiency early jet engines, and an extremely high accident-rate, due to its high landing speed. Sometimes you closed in and thought for yourself isnt that the one from last week, and sure enough he starts doing the same kind of things this time around as well, Cooper explained. A lot of the QRA Process is sensitive from a security perspective, however I have taken great care to gather this information from Official Publications, MOD Approved Publications and documents that are not protectively marked, or are designated as Unclassified and are publicly available. It is often referred to as Tansor during a QRA Operation. Both provide Quick Reaction Alert, or QRA, and scramble their fighter jets within minutes to meet or intercept aircraft which give cause for concern. I have often seen frequencies passed about as The Main QRA TADs for example however thinking along these lines will catch you out as other aircraft which have nothing to do with a QRA may be allocated those TADs or QRA missions will take place that dont use these QRA TADs as posted. . WING COMMANDER BILLY COOPER, OFFICER COMMANDING 6 SQUADRON. Are you sure you want to delete this comment? Draken Europe - Dassault Falcon 20EW - G-FRAH - #FRA86 & Tanker Support From#RAF - Airbus Voyager KC2 - #ZZ330 - #TTN29 pic.twitter.com/RLY7IKXo8G. And nowhere is this more evident than in the Baltics, where the Typhoon face the most modern fighters that Russia has to offer. We do not pre-moderate or monitor readers comments appearing on our websites, but we do post-moderate in response to complaints we receive or otherwise when a potential problem comes to our attention. Swanwick Controllers at NATS for example will be moving other Aircraft out of the way and indeed any Air Traffic Control Unit could be called upon to assist by clearing the skies for Air Defence Priority Flights. Q1: The lead QRA Aircraft, subsequent jets numbered 2, 3, 4 etc. If you are dissatisfied with the response provided you can The other station is RAF Leuchars in Fife, Scotland. These cookies are required as a minimum for the website to function properly. 11 Group (at RAF Bentley Priory from 1968 and RAF High Wycombe from 1972) looked after the UK's air defence until the 1990s; High Wycombe today has the European Air Group. It is unclear which planes flew together whit which, but an earlier tweet indicated a different array of transports, including Il-76 and An-72, which could mean that all planes listed indeed flew together. Soon after arrival, the British airmen spotted a large, elk-like creature towards the far end of the base. Possibly A Practice #QRA Involving - Civilian aircrafts are regularly seen at Helsinki-Vantaa airport, and are easily told from military transports by the fact that they arent fitted with twin 23 mm cannons in their tail. While these did offer a measure of protection from the wind and precipitation, this still meant that all maintenance work on the planes were performed in whatever the outside temperature happened to be. During the later incident the aircrafts involved actually carried live missiles. Controlled in 2021 on the ground by 121 EAW, RAF Typhoon aircraft conduct the eAP mission to demonstrate the UK's resolve and commitment to NATO and to offer reassurance to its Allies in the region. The 1960s saw the Vulcan force at its height in terms of numbers, the type serving with nine operational squadrons during the course of the decade. At Grosseto Air Base, in the Province of Grosseto on the west Italian coast, the Typhoon is operated by IX Gruppo of 4 Stormo Caccia, at Trapani-Birgi Airport, in Sicily, by 18 Gruppo of 37 Stormo, at Gioia del Colle Air Base, Apulia, by 10 Gruppo and 12 Gruppo of 36 Stormo and at Istrana Air Base, Veneto, by the 51 Stormo. 
To comply with the START/SALT-treaties, a number of planes designated Tu-95MS6 lack external hardpoints, and as such only carry six cruise missiles internally in a revolving mount. It seems evident that 6 October was a day of heavy Russian military air traffic in the Gulf of Finland, reminiscent of certain episodes during the second half of 2014. Southern Q was rotated around the three RAF bases. They will scramble QRA if needed and co-ordinate and task air assets as required. The large cockpit with the pilot and navigator/weapons officer seated side-by-side is very large for an aircraft of its size, making it possible for the crews to move around during long missions, and featurs both a toilette and a small galley. One fighter squadron would be on QRA for six month shifts. As usual you are best off with a tracking service that doesnt filter out military (i.e. However, it is unclear if they are also used for training crews for the markedly different Tu-95. Of further interest is the fact that on 5 October it was reported that two Buyan-M class corvettes that had transited the Bosphorus seeminglyheading towards Syria, instead couldbe heading for the Baltic Sea. It was intercepted by Finnish QRA, which duly photographed the armed Russian fighter. Of note is that the navigator has very limited vision of the outside world, as his job is mainly to operate different sensors and weapons. Other NATO nations provide periodic air defence at the NATO QRA standard.[14]. The first QRA sortie from Lossiemouth was on 19 September 2014 with 6 Sqn. Operation BILOXI is the UK contribution to NATO's eAPwhich is part of the NATO Assurance Measures first introduced in 2014 following the annexation of the Crimea by Russia. If RAF Brize Norton in due to be, A term the RAF/MOD use regularly to define this area beyond, AEW&C no longer to be based at RAF Waddington, Lakenheath F15 Crash Report (Incident 15 June 2020), Red Arrows & La Patrouille de France Flypast, Tweets from https://twitter.com/jedimasterchris/lists/egxwinfo-group-accounts. This variant is then called the Tu-95MS16. At the time these were early production MiG-29 9.12 from ex-DDR stocks, while the Polish detachment which took up the BAP-mission this week is flying F-16s instead of MiG-29s. A naval variant named Su-33 is used onboard the Russian Navys sole aircraft carrier, Admiral Kuznetsov. The general layout is very similar to that of the western Lockheed C-130, but the An-12 is quite a bit larger. It then employs cruise missiles to take out individual targets with great accuracy from outside the range of enemy air defences. While the detachment had relatively small issues with the climate, as Cooper put it, a more unexpected issue appeared. "When the Russian aircraft entered the Romanian Flight Information Region (FIR) we were scrambled to conduct a Combat Air Patrol in the area. Unlike the Su-24 it slowly replaces, the Su-34 is able to meet most fighters on near equal terms, meaning that the need for a dedicated fighter escort is much lower. However nations may assume control of the Airspace, by international agreements, way beyond this boundary. We use some essential cookies to make this website work. With the advent of a new generation of long-range missiles and sensors, many have concluded that the classic within-visual-range dogfight is (finally) dead. Newsquest Media Group Ltd, Loudwater Mill, Station Road, High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. An interesting question is related to the general state of readiness for the Finnish fighters. Like its predecessor, the Tu-22M was designed to be blistering fast, and the main tactic is to approach a target at low level, relying on its speed to avoid interception by enemy fighters. The raw performance of the Eurofighter when it comes to climb rate and acceleration makes it right at home when it comes to these kinds of intercepts, and according to open sourcesthe German fighters reached848 knots (~1.3 Mach) during their missions,the highest speed noted inany intercept overthe Gulf of Finland during 6 October. The readiness times they work at are likely to be classified. Of interest is that the pictures released by the Finnish Air Force are taken from slightly below the Russian aircraft, and as such they show the load-out of the planes. I have heard of Typhoons going engines on and sat on the runway with engines on without actually ever going up. A number of portable cabins were shipped out for the personnel to live in, while the Typhoons were allocated unheated soft-skin hangars throughout the stay. Austria has only daylight QRA readiness. The Romanian CRC is at Baloteti in southern Romania. This kind of behavior was more common if the Russian fighters were flying escort for transport or attack/bomber aircraft, and apparently also depended on the personal style of the pilots. We are doing this to improve the experience forour loyalreaders and we believe it will reduce the ability of trolls and troublemakers, who occasionally find their way onto our site, to abuse our journalists and readers. Currently there are two QRA RAF stations, of 1 Group. From this posture a controller can monitor a situation knowing that a scramble can be conducted in moments. The Zombies, well if they are Russian you have no chance, if its an airliner then perhaps yes. The aircraft also has a maritime strike role, being used hunt down enemy ships, and especially aircraft carriers in case of war. As far as I have found, the flights on the 6th have not explicitly been confirmed by western authorities, but in a Twitter-discussion the day after, Estonian president Toomas Ilves noted on the rumors of flights two days in a row that NATO is providing escort service to these Tu-timers, which seems to indicate that there had indeed been flights both days. Pilots and engineers on QRA duty are at immediate readiness twenty-four hours a day fully dressed in the Crew Ready Room, which are next to the hangars (a hardened aircraft shelter known informally as Q-sheds) which houses the interceptor aircraft, since 2007 the Eurofighter Typhoon. At the moment we need more sources to cover all practice days, if we had more sources I may decide to start publishing times more consistently again. The equipment it carries is also tailored for this mission. Pilots are on QRA duty around once or twice a month, each a twenty-four-hour shift. In the Q Shed pilots will be on a 24 hour shift, dressed in most of their flying gear, ready to run to the QRA Hangars next door. At the other end of the scale is a Tango Scramble which is a full QRA practice, often the crews being trained do not know one will even take place. This is not to say that for example the F-18C Hornets of the Finnish Air Force couldnt defeat it in combat, but depending on the version of the Su-27/30/35 they could find themselves being the underdog. The Swiss QRA are equipped with F/A-18C/D.[16][17]. In addition, the aircraft are sporting two supersonic drop tanks and a full load of 27 mm ammunition for the internal Mauser gun. Quick Reaction Alert is the current development from scrambling by RAF Fighter Command in the Battle of Britain. Data returned from the Piano 'meterActive/meterExpired' callback event. The first intruder wasa single Su-27P, red 42 (RF-92414), which briefly entered Finnish airspace over the sea south of Porvoo 16:43 local time. This website and associated newspapers adhere to the Independent Press Standards Organisation's In this way, this move is similar to the introduction of the MiG-31(BM?) It is a large aircraft, being as long and high as a World War II-era Boeing B-17, the famous Flying Fortress. A QRA Tornado F3 of 111 Sqn at Leuchars intercepting a Russian Blackjack Tupolev Tu-160 flying west of Stornoway on 10 March 2010. These are more or less peaceful, but the use of transponders and informing civilian air traffic controllers of the flights would be appreciated from a trust-building and air safety point of view. [citation needed]. However, as noted by Swedish defence blogger and air force officer Wiseman, it is not capable of looking out for other aircraft, a deficit that apparently played an important part in a number of near-misses with civilian aircrafts over the Baltic Sea. The Sukhoi Su-34 Fullback (unofficially also Hellduck, due to its beak-like nose) is one of the newer acquaintances for the Finnish Quick Reaction Alert, having only started to appear on a regular basis over the Baltic Sea during the last year. In addition to chance encounters on intercepts, the two air forces regularly do schedule joint training missions. WING COMMANDER BILLY COOPER, OFFICER COMMANDING 6 SQUADRON. The V-Force stood at constant alert, in much the same way as Fighter Command had done so during the Battle of Britain, awaiting the call to scramble in response to any perceived Soviet attack. Cooperation with the Finnish Air Force is not uncommon for the BAP, with Finnish Air Force and BAP sharing a common recognised air picture and sharing data over Link 16. A term the RAF/MOD use regularly to define this area beyond Sovereign Airspace is the UK Area of Interest. The V-Force provided a very creditable nuclear deterrent, with RAF Scamptons Blue Steel Vulcans and RAF Witterings similarly-armed Victors, at its spearhead. Due to the nature of these missions often dovetailing with Counter Terrorism it wouldnt be unusual for an intercepted aircraft to be met by Counter Terrorist Forces once it had landed. The Air Operations Centre is at JyvskylTikkakoski Air Base. The Finnish Air Force Fighter Squadron 31 (Hvittjlentolaivue 31, HvLLv 31) uses F-18C/D from Rovaniemi, Kuopio. This is important to note as you may see a Tanker getting airborne and starting to pre-position before the jets are ordered to lift. Responsible for the Defence of the UKs skies. Sometimes when the Russian flight came to Kaliningrad, instead of landing they just turned around and headed back north, probably thinking we would have to break off, Cooper remembered. The ranges of these are quoted as far above 100 km, potentially over 300 km for the R-37 (to be taken with a grain of salt). They intercept once notified by the Air Operations Control Station Nieuw-Milligen, near Apeldoorn in Gelderland. The Finnish authorities have asked the Russian ambassador to explain the intrusions. Ultimately though, the fundamental principles of air defence are unchanged and remain at the heart of the nations defence. "This is our 8th scramble since assuming our NATO enhanced Air Policing mission at the start of May. By the time any bomberapproaches the British isles, they are always escorted by Norwegian F-16s, which hand over the mission to the Typhoons. Some non-NATO countries also maintain QRA, although not necessarily full-time. This site is part of Newsquest's audited local newspaper network. At the start of the scaled QRA response, civilian air traffic controllers might see on their screens an aircraft behaving erratically, not responding to their radio calls, or note that its transmitting a distress signal through its transponder. Georg Mader; "Austria further reduces QRA capabilities", Air Platforms, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Category:Military radars of the United Kingdom, Category:Telecommunications equipment of the Cold War, Category:Soviet Long Range Aviation bases, http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafcms/mediafiles/01A22E2E_DBE9_8D3B_C7AC8A965544E238.pdf, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe. Combined Air Operations Centre Finderup (CAOC Finderup),[7] in Denmark, watches Russian aircraft and can alert the UK, and has RAF staff there. 111 Sqn put the first Typhoon on QRA duty in July 2008, followed by 142 Sqn of Ala 14, and later 141 Sqn. In spite of its replacement, the Il-76 (see below), entering service already in 1974, the sturdy An-12 have proved to be a durable design, and a large number still flies for both civilian and military users. Typhoon of 3 Sqn intercepts a Russian Flanker Sukhoi Su-27 over the Baltic states on 17 June 2014. QRA stands for Quick Reaction Alert: Where crews are on standby to quickly react to a tasking. The Mikoyan MiG-31 (Foxhound) is one of the most specialized fighters/interceptors in the world. Both sides carry flares on a regular basis, and in addition to being defensive countermeasures, their purpose does include (stern) signalling. As with all roles, they need to train for it, QRA is no different. Other aircraft could also be tasked on occasions. NATO Baltic Air Policing QRA F-16 jets on 7 DEC scrambled to intercept RU Armed Forces 4x Tu-95; 2x Tu-22 over the Baltic Sea. Those ads you do see are predominantly from local businesses promoting local services. In the case of the MiG-31, it is a specialized long-range interceptor, mainly meant to intercept enemy long-range bombers and cruise missiles far out in the Arctic and eastern parts of Russia, and is poorly suited for the fighter vs fighter-combat likely to be seen in Europe in case of war. While the Typhoon so far has seen combat solely in the air-to-ground role, there is no mistaking in that the primary role of RAF Lossiemouth lies elsewhere. When asked whether he had experienced the kind of aggressive flare dumping described by the Swedish Air Force, he commented that he hadnt personally seen it, but it wouldnt surprise me. The Russian Air Force, however, uses a number of modified aircraft for training bomber pilots. If the QRA(N) gets scrambled once every few months, BAP is another issue completely. The later may be inert practice rounds, while the missiles seem to be live rounds. The Eurofighters currently operating out of mari air base are five aircraft from TaktLwG 74, homebased in Neuburg. moving a plane from point A to point B, usually between Kaliningrad and mainland Russia. As far as I understand, these are the only differences between the versions, and I have no idea what kind of effort it would take to convert a Tu-95MS6 to a Tu-95MS16, nor have I been able to spot the differences between the two versions despite having studied underside pictures of a number of different aircraft individuals. If you have a complaint about the editorial content which relates to Readers comments: You are personally liable for the content of any comments you upload to this website, so please act responsibly. The Antonov An-26 Curl was developed from the earlier An-24 as a medium transport for the Russian Air Force, and was in turn further developed into the An-30 and -32. RAF Lossiemouth mission statement. The Tanker tasked to support will usually take off from RAF Brize Norton but its useful to note that a Tanker already airborne supporting training flights could be re-tasked for the QRA mission. When asked whether he had experienced the kind of aggressive flare dumping described by the Swedish Air Force, he commented that he hadnt personally seen it, but it wouldnt surprise me. Before computers arrived in the 1970s, the Russian aircraft were plotted on a map, mainly by WRAF personnel. This may also be a civilian aircraft that poses a threat, if not sufficiently responding to air traffic control (ATC); incidents of this nature in the UK are monitored by the Control and Reporting Centre (CRC) at RAF Boulmer, which builds a 3D Recognised Air Picture and RAF Air Command, if notified, decides whether to send a QRA response. In this scenario the pilot races to the hardened aircraft shelter and does everything short of starting his engines. Air traffic across Europe is controlled by Eurocontrol in Brussels. I have seen anything from the previous missions Callsign, Q, Q0000001, Q0000002, 0 and blank entries used and change during the mission too. The two most common scenarios are Russian Aircraft heading towards the UK Area of Interest and the Aircraft that has lost communication with Air Traffic Control. Il-76 Candid, is the go-to-plane for most of the transport needs of the Russian Armed Forces. QRA Pilots carry a list of pre-prepared warnings that they may be instructed to read out to an intercepted aircraft. The nature of aerial combat also was also something which came up. [5] It has Remote Radar Heads (RRH) at: The radars were Type 93, and are being replaced by the Lockheed Martin AN/FPS-117 system. We were briefed quite closely to not interact with them too much In this particular case, it seems like the Tu-95s have been out in numbers over the Baltic Sea three days in a row, further adding to the strength of the message in question. 11 Sqn left RAF Leeming in October 2005,[19] then on 29 June 2007, 3 Sqn at RAF Coningsby took over Southern Q from the Tornados of 25 Sqn at RAF Leeming in North Yorkshire, with the Typhoons of 3 Sqn having their first scramble on 17 August 2007 when they intercepted a Russian Bear; 3 Sqn took over all of Southern Q from 1 April 2008. Lately they have adopted genuine QRA Tactical Mission Callsigns and they Squawk NATO Air Policing. Pilots are on QRA duty around once or twice a month, each a twenty-four-hour shift. Today, Monday the 8th, the largest strike package so far was intercepted by Baltic Air Policing, with Latvian Defence Forces giving todays tally of intercepted planes as four Su-27 (heavy fighter), four Su-24 (heavy ground-attack plane), four Su-34, two MiG-31, one Tu-22M, one An-12 (heavy transport), one An-26 (medium transport), and four Tu-95. The behavior of the Russian pilots varied widely, and while the British pilots where briefed to maintain their cool, Cooper was under the impression that their Russian colleagues were more free to engage their adversaries as they saw fit. This kind of attacks were practiced against Sweden during the Eastern of 2013 (the so called Ryska Psken-incident), as well as against Denmark this summer. It is also unclear if the Iskanders are the only units moved to the exclave during the last days, or if other units have been transferred as well. While Cooper noted that the Polish Air Force pilots were professional and eager to do a good job, at the same time they did suffer problems due to the notorious short range of their aircraft. RAMSTEIN, Germany - Royal Air Force Typhoons on the NATO Enhanced Air Policing (eAP) mission scrambled on 5 August as NATO radars detected Russian aircraft approaching Romanian airspace over the southern Black Sea. The Russian Tu-95 Bear aircraft originate from the Olenya base on the Kola Peninsula and the Tu-160 Blackjack aircraft come from the Engels-2 base near Saratov. Graf Ignatievo Air Base (3rd Fighter Air Base) of the BuAF has a single MiG-29 squadron, which carry two R-73 missiles. 66877 Ramstein-Miesenbach
Pilots on QRA duty are at immediate readiness twenty-four hours a day fully dressed in the Aircrew Ready Room, which are next to the hangars (a hardened aircraft shelter known informally as Q-sheds) which houses the interceptor aircraft, since 2007 the Eurofighter Typhoon.
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